Investor Insight

Brightstar is a cash-flowing gold producer with a 4.0Moz Mineral Resource base and two major development hubs advancing toward investment decisions. Mining from two high-grade underground mines in Laverton, continuous high-grade drilling success and near-term production expansion positions the company for significant value creation in a record gold price environment.

Overview

Gold continues to demonstrate its strength as a store of value, reaching record highs above US$4,000 per ounce in 2025 amid persistent global uncertainty, inflationary pressures and heightened geopolitical risk. In this environment, investors are increasingly turning to high-quality Australian gold producers with scale, growth visibility and near-term catalysts.

Brightstar Resources (ASX:BTR) is strategically positioned to benefit from this macro setting as a cash-flowing, multi-asset gold producer and developer with operations and growth projects across the Goldfields (Laverton–Menzies) and Sandstone regions of Western Australia. The company now controls 3.9 Moz of mineral resources across these assets, providing a diversified and scalable platform for sustained growth.

Brightstar’s unique value proposition is centered on its existing production from two underground mines, which Brightstar operates directly rather than relying on external mining contractors. The Second Fortune and Fish underground mines are delivering consistent production under an ore purchase agreement with Genesis Minerals, generating cashflow that supports ongoing drilling and development studies.

The company’s growth is anchored by a dual-hub development strategy. In the Goldfields region, the company has completed a definitive feasibility study outlining ~70,000 ounces per annum of production over an initial five-year period, with a final investment decision targeted for early 2026. Ongoing underground and near-mine drilling continues to confirm mine life extensions and additional high-grade potential.

At Sandstone, Brightstar has consolidated a 2.4 Moz district-scale gold system following the Alto and Aurumin transactions and is now progressing a major PFS evaluating a new 4 to 5 Mtpa processing facility. More than 70,000 metres of drilling has already been completed toward a material mineral resource upgrade planned for mid-2026.

Together, these hubs underpin a pipeline of near-term and long-term catalysts supported by extensive infrastructure, a strengthened technical team, and a well-funded balance sheet. As Brightstar advances feasibility work, executes its multi-rig drilling programs, and expands its production profile, the company is well placed to deliver meaningful shareholder value in a rising gold price environment.

Company Highlights

• ASX-listed gold producer and developer with a consolidated 3.9 Moz mineral resource base at 1.5 g/t gold, spanning the Goldfields portfolio (Laverton + Menzies projects) and the Sandstone Hub in Western Australia.
• Established Goldfields production base, with Brightstar operating two underground mines – Second Fortune and Fish – within the Laverton area, supplying continuous gold production under an ore purchase agreement with Genesis Minerals.
• Goldfields feasibility study (June 2025) completed, outlining ~70,000 oz of annual gold production over the first five years, with a final investment decision targeted for March 2026.
• High-grade mine life growth targeted from the Goldfields underground mines, including depth and strike extensions at Fish and strong regional hits near Second Fortune.
• Menzies Hub is positioned for future production, with Yunndaga advancing toward underground development following significant 2025 drill results, informing upcoming mineral resource and development updates.
• Sandstone Hub expanded to 2.4 Moz at 1.5 g/t gold, with a major pre-feasibility study (PFS) underway for a 4 to 5 Mtpa processing facility and more than 70,000 m of drilling completed toward a material mineral resource upgrade in mid-2026.
• Strong exploration momentum, with active drilling programs at Laverton and Sandstone and exceptional 2025 results, including 10 m @ 43.8 g/t gold at the Musketeer prospect.
• Well-funded balance sheet, with ~$41 million in cash and liquidity (as of September 2025) and a revolving stockpile finance facility supporting continuous drilling and development activities.

Key Projects

Goldfields Assets (Laverton + Menzies)

Brightstar’s Goldfields portfolio combines the Laverton and Menzies hubs into a single, development-ready production centre. Together, these assets host a significant portion of Brightstar’s consolidated resource base and provide both near-term production and long-term growth opportunities.

Laverton Hub

Brightstar’s Laverton Hub comprises two operating underground mines – Second Fortune and Fish– and a series of advanced open pit deposits, including the material Cork Tree Well and Lord Byron Deposits. These deposits sit on granted mining leases and benefit from established haul roads, existing mine infrastructure, and proximity to Brightstar’s planned processing facility.

Highlights:

• Two operating underground mines: Second Fortune and Fish continue to deliver steady production into Genesis Minerals’ Laverton mill under the ore purchase agreement. Recent underground and surface drilling has confirmed strong continuity of mineralisation at depth, particularly at Fish where multiple lodes have been intersected, including 7.0m @ 3.31 g/t gold, 9.9m @ 2.90 g/t gold, and 1.1m @ 17.6 g/t gold.
• High-grade near-mine discoveries: At Second Fortune, drilling at nearby prospects such as Linden Giant and Alawa has returned strong results (10m @ 9.83 g/t gold; 1m @ 53.8 g/t gold), demonstrating the potential for new satellite ore sources within 3 km of existing mine workings.
• Large-scale open pit opportunity: Cork Tree Well and Lord Byron remain central to Brightstar’s long-term development plan. The planning scenarios outlined in the June 2025 feasibility study support multi-year open pit mining with robust production profiles and strong economic potential.

Growth Drivers:

• Ongoing underground drilling campaigns at Second Fortune and Fish targeting mine life extensions
• DFS optimisation underway to refine the design and throughput of Brightstar’s proposed 1 Mtpa to 1.5 Mtpa processing plant
• Continued evaluation of near-mine targets leveraging existing infrastructure and haulage routes
• Integration of new high-grade drilling into updated open pit and underground mine plans

Menzies Hub

The Menzies Hub comprises a district-scale mineralised corridor extending more than 20 km along the Menzies Shear Zone. These deposits lie directly adjacent to the Goldfields Highway and sit on granted mining leases, supporting near-term development readiness.

Highlights

• Substantial resource base: The Menzies Hub hosts 0.7Moz @ 1.5g/t Au of mineral resources across multiple deposits including Lady Shenton, Yunndaga, Aspacia and the Lady Harriet system.
• Advancing underground development: Yunndaga is emerging as Brightstar’s next underground mining front, with drilling completed in 2025 returning high-grade intercepts such as 16m @ 8.03 g/t gold and 8m @ 6.67 g/t gold. These results will underpin updated mineral resource and ore reserve estimates planned for late 2025.
• Open pit opportunities: Lady Shenton and surrounding deposits are expected to support a multi-year open pit mining schedule, forming part of the production base in the Goldfields feasibility study. Permitting and approvals work is progressing, with first production targeted post-FID.

Growth Drivers:

• Updated mineral resource for Yunndaga to support underground mine planning
• Feasibility study optimisation to refine timing and sequencing of Menzies open pits
• Ongoing engagement with regional mills to evaluate toll-milling options where appropriate
• Progression toward a mining decision following completion of study phases

Sandstone Hub

Brightstar’s Sandstone Hub has been transformed into a major district-scale opportunity following the consolidation of Alto Metals and Aurumin’s Sandstone assets. The combined project now contains 2.4 Moz at 1.5 g/t gold, spread across multiple open pit camps including Lords, Vanguard, Indomitable, Havilah and Montague.

Highlights:

• Significant resource growth platform: The ambition at Sandstone is to convert this extensive mineralised system into a long-life standalone operation. Brightstar has already completed more than 70,000 m of drilling since acquisition, with a major mineral resource update targeted for mid-2026.
• High-grade exploration success: Recent drilling has delivered standout results such as 10 m @ 43.8 g/t gold at the Musketeer prospect, highlighting the potential for new high-grade zones within the broader system.
• Processing pathway defined: A PFS is underway examining a new 4 to 5 Mtpa processing hub located at the historic Sandstone mill site, aiming to establish Sandstone as a cornerstone asset in Brightstar’s future growth.

Growth Drivers:

• 120,000 m drilling program planned through June 2026 to upgrade key deposits to indicated category
• PFS delivery targeted for mid-2026
• Long-term development scenario supported by strong infrastructure and granted mining tenure

Management Team

Alex Rovira – Managing Director

Alex Rovira is a qualified geologist and an experienced investment banker having focused on the metals and mining sector since 2013. Rovira has experience in ASX equity capital markets activities, including capital raisings, IPOs and merger and acquisitions.

Richard Crookes – Non-executive Chairman

Richard Crookes has over 35 years’ experience in the resources and investments industries. He is a geologist by training having previously worked as the chief geologist and mining manager of Ernest Henry Mining in Australia. Crookes is managing partner of Lionhead Resources, a critical minerals investment fund and formerly an investment director at EMR Capital. Prior to that he was an executive director in Macquarie Bank’s Metals Energy Capital (MEC) division where he managed all aspects of the bank’s principal investments in mining and metals companies.

Andrew Rich – Executive Director

Andrew Rich is a degree qualified mining engineer from the WA School of Mines and has obtained a WA First Class Mine Managers Certificate. Rich has a strong background in underground gold mining with experience predominantly in the development of underground mines at Ramelius Resources (ASX:RMS) and Westgold Resources (ASX:WGX).

Jonathan Downes – Non-executive Director

Jonathan Downes has over 30 years’ experience in the minerals industry and has worked in various geological and corporate capacities. Experienced with gold and base metals, he has been intimately involved with the exploration process through to production. Downes is currently the managing director of Kaiser Reef, a high grade gold producer, and non-executive director of Cazaly Resources.

Nicky Martin – Chief Financial Officer

Nicky Martin is an experienced finance and accounting professional holding tertiary qualifications in accounting and finance and is a qualified CPA. Martin was previously the Head of Finance at Pilbara Minerals Ltd (ASX:PLS) where she oversaw and was actively involved in a rapidly growing mining success story.

1. Lithium Argentina (NYSE:LAR)

Year-to-date gain: 106.39 percent
Market cap: US$891.03 million
Share price: US$5.49

Lithium Argentina produces lithium carbonate from its Caucharí-Olaroz brine project in Argentina, developed with Ganfeng Lithium (OTC Pink:GNENF,HKEX:1772). The company was spun out from Lithium Americas in October 2023 and changed its name from Lithium Americas (Argentina) in January 2025.

In mid-April, Lithium Argentina executed a letter of intent with Ganfeng Lithium to jointly advance development across the Pozuelos-Pastos Grandes basins.

In August, Lithium Argentina agreed to form a new joint venture with Ganfeng Lithium that will combine the companies’ projects in the Pozuelos and Pastos Grandes basins of Salta, Argentina.

The joint venture will bring together Ganfeng’s wholly owned Pozuelos-Pastos Grandes (PPG) project and Lithium America’s Pastos Grandes and Sal de la Puna projects, in which Ganfeng currently holds a 15 percent and 35 percent stake respectively.

Once completed, Ganfeng will hold a 67 percent stake in the consolidated PPG project, and Lithium Argentina will hold a 33 percent interest.

In Q4, Lithium Argentina released a positive scoping study for the PPG project, confirming its scale and strong economics. The consolidated project hosts a measured and indicated resource of 15.1 million metric tons of lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE) and is designed for staged production of up to 150,000 metric tons per year over a 30 year mine life.

In the same announcement, the company confirmed receipt of an environmental approval for Stage 1 from the Secretariat of Mining and Energy of the Province of Salta.

Lithium Argentina released its Q3 results in November, noting approximately 8,300 metric tons of lithium carbonate production at its Caucharí-Olaroz operation during the quarter, with 24,000 metric tons produced between January and September.

Company shares rose to a year-to-date high of US$5.58 on December 31, in line with rising lithium carbonate prices.

2. Sociedad Química y Minera (NYSE:SQM)

Year-to-date gain: 87.39 percent
Market cap: US$19.66 billion
Share price: US$68.98

SQM is a major global lithium producer, with operations centered in Chile’s Salar de Atacama. The company extracts lithium from brine and produces lithium carbonate and hydroxide for use in batteries.

SQM is expanding production and holds interests in projects in Australia and China, including a 50/50 joint venture for the Mt Holland lithium operation in Western Australia. In July, the company produced its first battery-grade lithium hydroxide production at its Kwinana refinery in the state.

In late April, Chile’s competition watchdog approved the partnership agreement between SQM and state-owned copper giant Codelco aimed at boosting output at the Atacama salt flat. The deal, first announced in 2024, reached another milestone when it secured approval for an additional lithium quota from Chile’s nuclear energy regulator CChEN.

SQM ended the year finalizing the agreement. The partnership was formalized through SQM’s subsidiary SQM Salar absorbing Codelco’s Minera Tarar and being renamed Nova Andino Litio.

SQM reported a net income of US$404.4 million for the first nine months of 2025, rebounding from a US$524.5 million loss in the same period of 2024. Revenue totaled US$3.25 billion, down 5.9 percent year-over-year, while gross profit reached US$904.1 million.

The company’s third-quarter performance highlighted the turnaround, as SQM achieved record lithium sales volumes. It reported net income of US$178.4 million, up 36 percent from Q3 2024, and revenue of US$1.17 billion, up 8.9 percent. Gross profit for the quarter climbed 23 percent to US$345.8 million.

SQM attributed the rebound to higher realized lithium prices and improved operational efficiency, signaling a strong recovery trajectory for the remainder of 2025.

Shares of SQM reached a year-to-date high of US$71.63 on December 26.

3. Albemarle (NYSE:ALB)

Year-to-date gain: 64.29 percent
Market cap: US$16.71 billion
Share price: US$142.01

North Carolina-based Albemarle is dividing into two primary business units, one of which — the Albemarle Energy Storage unit — is focused wholly on the lithium-ion battery and energy transition markets. It includes the firm’s lithium carbonate, hydroxide and metal production.

Albemarle has a broad portfolio of lithium mines and facilities, with extraction in Chile, Australia and the US. Looking first at Chile, Albemarle produces lithium carbonate at its La Negra lithium conversion plants, which process brine from the Salar de Atacama, the country’s largest salt flat. Albemarle is aiming to implement direct lithium extraction technology at the salt flat to reduce water usage.

Albemarle’s Australian assets Wodgina hard-rock lithium mine in Western Australia, which is owned and operated by the 50/50 MARBL joint venture with Mineral Resources (ASX:MIN,OTC Pink:MALRF). Albemarle wholly owns the on-site Kemerton lithium hydroxide facility. The company’s other Australian joint venture is the Greenbushes hard-rock mine, in which it holds a 49 percent interest.

In late October, Albemarle signed an agreement to sell its 51 percent stake in its refining catalyst business, Ketjen, leaving it with 49 percent ownership, part of a broader portfolio reshaping that also includes the sale of Ketjen’s 50 percent stake in the Eurecat joint venture to partner Axens.

The combined deals are expected to generate approximately US$660 million in pre-tax cash proceeds and strengthen Albemarle’s financial flexibility. Both transactions are anticipated to close in the first half of 2026, subject to regulatory approvals.

In November, Albemarle reported third‑quarter results that reflected improved operations amid continued lithium market headwinds. The company logged net sales of roughly US$1.31 billion, a slight year‑over‑year decline driven by lower energy storage pricing.

Albemarle generated US$356 million in quarterly cash from operations, noting the company remained on track to reduce full‑year capital expenditures to around US$600 million while targeting positive free cash flow of US$300 million to US$400 million in 2025.

Shares of Albemarle marked a year-to-date high of US$150.01 on December 26, amid strengthening lithium prices.

4. Lithium Americas (NYSE:LAC)

Year-to-date gain: 47 percent
Market cap: US$1.24 billion
Share price: US$4.41

US-focused Lithium Americas is developing its flagship Thacker lithium Pass project located in Humboldt County in northern Nevada. The project is a joint venture between Lithium Americas at 62 percent and General Motors (NYSE:GM) at 38 percent.

According to the company, Thacker Pass holds the “largest measured lithium reserve and resource in the world.”

In March, Lithium Americas secured a US$250 million investment from Orion Resource Partners to advance Phase 1 construction of the project, which is expected to fully cover development costs through the construction phase. On April 1, the joint venture partners made a final investment decision for the project, with completion targeted for late 2027.

Shares of Lithium Americas surged in late September, rising from US$3.07 to US$7.37 in three days. Its share price reached a 2025 high of US$10.05 on October 13.

Lithium Americas’ share price rose on news of renegotiation talks over its US$2.26 billion Department of Energy loan tied to the Thacker Pass project. According to media reports, the Trump administration was seeking up to a 10 percent equity stake as part of amendments to the loan’s repayment structure.

In response, Lithium Americas offered no-cost warrants for 5 to 10 percent of its shares and agreed to cover related administrative costs, while requesting changes to the amortization schedule without altering the loan’s term or interest.

An agreement was reached on October 1 and Lithium Americas received the first US$435 million installment of the loan on October 20.

The company ended the year by announcing it was being added to the S&P/TSX Composite Index (INDEXTSI:OSPTX).

5. Sigma Lithium (NASDAQ:SGML)

Year-to-date gain: 20.23 percent
Market cap: US$1.5 billion
Share price: US$13.49

Sigma Lithium is a Brazil-focused lithium producer supplying chemical-grade lithium concentrate to the global battery market. The company operates the Grota do Cirilo project in Minas Gerais, one of the world’s largest hard-rock lithium operations.

Sigma’s Greentech industrial lithium plant currently produces about 270,000 metric tons per year of lithium concentrate, equivalent to roughly 38,000 to 40,000 metric tons of LCE. The company is building a second processing plant that is expected to lift total capacity to approximately 520,000 metric tons of concentrate annually.

In September, Sigma Lithium’s flagship Grota do Cirilo operation in Brazil faced both regulatory scrutiny and operational disruption.

That month, Brazilian prosecutors requested a pause in operations after a technical review flagged shortcomings in the project’s Environmental Impact Assessment, citing potential water-management risks to the Piauí stream from planned open pits, a key water source for nearby communities, particularly during droughts.

While it denied issues with its EIA, Sigma paused mining to upgrade equipment and improve efficiency. The company phased down operations in September and shut the mine throughout October, leading to a sharp drop in output.

In mid-November, Sigma reported a strong Q3 2025, with net revenue rising 69 percent quarter-over-quarter and 36 percent year-over-year. The company generated US$24 million from final price settlements on sales completed by the end of Q3, with a further US$4 million in cash expected from additional settlements.

Sigma also expects to receive approximately US$33 million from the sale of 950,000 metric tons of lithium-bearing material that can be reprocessed by its customers, providing an additional near-term cash inflow.

Operationally, it said mining activities would restart by the end of November, with full ramp-up targeted for the first quarter of 2026. Because the company took over mining operations from its equipment contractor earlier in 2025, the restart is supported by upgraded equipment leased directly from manufacturers and operated in-house.

Sigma Lithium shares rose to a year-to-date high of US$14.50 on December 26.

Investor Insight

With its combination of robust resources, permitted infrastructure and significant exploration potential – both for critical minerals and gold – Nuvau Minerals offers exposure to a world-class, highly defined mining district with top-tier infrastructure and a long history of base-metal mining, now complemented by the discovery of gold and a substantial upside still to be realized.

Overview

Nuvau Minerals (TSXV:NMC) is a Canadian metals exploration company dedicated to revitalizing production in Quebec’s Abitibi Greenstone Belt, one of the world’s most prolific mining regions. The company’s flagship Matagami Mining Camp offers an exceptional combination of historical production, district-scale exploration potential and existing infrastructure. Historically, the camp has produced nearly 60 million tons (Mt) of ore over 60 years, primarily zinc and copper, and was last operated by Glencore until June 2022.

While the company’s core focus remains on critical minerals – with the Caber Complex preliminary economic assessment supporting a near-term restart and a robust resource base – recent exploration success has revealed a new dimension: gold. In July 2025, Nuvau drilled its first gold-focused target at Matagami, intersecting visible gold in what appears to be an orogenic lode system close to existing mine workings. This highlights the untapped precious metals potential alongside its established base metals endowment.

Nuvau has an earn-in agreement with Glencore for the Matagami property; the three year earn-in has been completed and the company is working through the final steps of closing the property transfer. With full ownership of the property and an option to acquire the mill, Nuvau is positioned to re-establish Matagami as a multi-metal production hub. Backed by a skilled technical team, strong institutional investors, and the support of local communities and government, Nuvau is on track to deliver near-term production potential while unlocking the district’s broader resource opportunities.

Company Highlights

• Flagship Asset: Matagami Mining Camp – Agreement to acquire 100 percent of the property from Glencore after completing a three-year, $30 million earn-in. The camp has a 60-year operating history with nearly 60 million tons mined across 12 past mines.
• District Scale with Established Infrastructure – Covers over 1,300 sq km with more than 2,400 claims, a fully permitted 3,000-ton-per-day processing facility, rail and road access, and power.
• Exploration Upside – Multiple high-grade base metal zones (Renaissance, McLeod Extension) and gold anomalies remain open in all directions.

Key Asset

Matagami Mining Camp (Flagship)

The Matagami Mining Camp is Nuvau Minerals’ cornerstone asset, representing a unique combination of large-scale land position, prolific production history and exceptional potential for both base and precious metals. Located in Quebec’s Abitibi Greenstone Belt, one of the most productive mining regions in the world, the camp has produced nearly 60 Mt of ore from 12 past mines over six decades, making it a proven mineral district with established infrastructure and skilled local labor.

Project Highlights

District Scale and Strategic Location

• Covers more than 1,300 sq km and more than 2,500 mineral claims, giving Nuvau a dominant landholding in a Tier 1 mining jurisdiction.
• Excellent year-round access via road, rail and air, with nearby hydroelectric power and water supply.
• Situated near other significant mining operations in the Abitibi, providing opportunities for synergies and potential district-scale consolidation.

World-class Infrastructure

• Fully permitted 3,000 tpd concentrator with two float circuits, maintained in excellent condition by Glencore until its closure in June 2022.
• Existing rail loading facility, core processing facility, administration offices and alternative tailings storage options with no inherited liabilities.
• The Bracemac McLeod mine infrastructure remains in place, with underground development to 1,400-meter depth.

Established Resource Base & Robust Economics

• Caber Complex (Caber, Caber Nord, PD1):
  • Measured and Indicated: 3.36 Mt @ 5.18 percent zinc 1.10 percent copper, 14.3 grams per ton (g/t) silver, 0.16 g/t gold
  • Inferred: 7.32 Mt @ 2.43 percent zinc, 1.28 percent copper, 11.5 g/t silver, 0.09 g/t gold
  • PEA (July 2023): 9.5-year mine life, base-case after-tax NPV (8 percent) C$115.9 million, IRR 20 percent (base case), low initial CAPEX of C$172.3 million due to existing infrastructure.
• Bracemac McLeod Mine:
  • Past production: 8.1 Mt @ 6.1 percent zinc, 0.9 percent copper, 24 g/t silver, 0.5 g/t gold
  • Remaining resources in McLeod Deeps and new high-grade McLeod Extension discovery (2023: 16.4 m @ 14.22 percent zinc, 2.72 percent copper).
  • Low-cost restart potential with metallurgy and mine plan well understood.

Exploration Upside

• Over 80 geophysical targets identified in the Northern Domain alone.
• Multiple high-grade volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) systems, including the Renaissance Zone discovery – the first VTEM anomaly drilled by Nuvau, hosting massive and semi-massive sulphides with high-grade precious metals.
• Significant gold potential, including:
  • Visible gold intercept in the first-ever gold-focused drill hole at Matagami, near Bracemac McLeod.
  • Regionally significant gold till anomaly with over 2,000 gold grains per 10 kg sample – potentially the highest recorded in the Abitibi – indicating a nearby source.
• Additional underexplored zones adjacent to historical mines, where lower historical metal prices left mineralized extensions untouched.

Management Team

Steven Bowles – Chair of the Board

Steven Bowles has extensive experience in the mining and metals sector, encompassing private equity investment, project management and operations management. He currently serves as managing director at Nebari Partners. Prior to this role, he was the senior director of investment in natural resources and energy within Investment Quebec’s private equity group. Throughout his career, Bowles has led development teams on numerous large-scale mining projects, guiding them from study phases to construction and commissioning in various regions, including the Canadian Arctic, the Middle East and Latin America. He has been recognized for his outstanding leadership and was awarded the Bedford Canadian Young Mining Leaders Awards.

Peter van Alphen – President, CEO and Director

Peter van Alphen has over 25 years of experience in leadership roles within the mining industry, encompassing all aspects from construction projects to production. Most recently, he served as the chief operating officer at Premier Gold Mines, managing the company’s mining and development endeavors. Prior roles include country manager for Canada at Pan American Silver, vice-president of operations at Tahoe Resources and Lake Shore Gold, and various management positions at FNX Mining in Sudbury, Ontario. Van Alphen holds a Bachelor of Science in mining engineering from the University of the Witwatersrand.

Steve Filipovic – Chief Financial Officer

Steve Filipovic is a chartered professional accountant with more than 23 years of financial management and oversight experience. He was a founding executive team member and chief financial officer at Premier Gold Mines, playing an integral role in transitioning the company from explorer to producer until its acquisition by Equinox Gold in 2021. Prior to that, he served as chief financial officer of Zinifex Canada and was vice-president, finance of Wolfden Resources, until its acquisition by Zinifex in 2007. Filipovic holds an Honours Bachelor of Commerce Degree from Lakehead University and is an ICD.D designated member of the Institute of Corporate Directors.

Gilles Roy – Director of Exploration

Gilles Roy is a highly skilled geologist with over 30 years of experience in mineral exploration across various countries, including Canada, Peru, Chile, Kazakhstan, Australia and Burkina Faso. Specializing in base metal deposits in volcanic host rocks, he spent much of his career at Glencore, leading exploration programs that resulted in the discovery of the McLeod deposit in 2004 and the Bracemac deposit in 2006. Roy holds a Bachelor of Science in geology from Université du Québec à Montréal and is a member of the Ordre des géologues du Québec.

Bastien Fresia – Technical Services Director

Bastien Fresia brings over 15 years of international experience in geology, mine planning, and resource development to Nuvau Minerals, where he serves as technical services director. He previously held senior technical roles at Glencore Zinc, leading multidisciplinary teams and delivering strategic studies across Canada, Burkina Faso, Peru, Bolivia and Kazakhstan. His accomplishments include the discovery of satellite deposit extensions in Matagami and Perkoa, as well as the implementation of technical frameworks that significantly improved business performance in Peru and Kazakhstan.

At Nuvau, Fresia leads the company’s technical planning, integration, and execution. He holds two M.Sc. degrees in Geosciences and an MBA in Strategy and Risk Management, and is a registered professional geologist with the Ordre des Géologues du Québec and a chartered professional (Mining) with the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.

Philippe Rio Roberge – Director of Project Development

Philippe Rio Roberge is a project management professional with 19 years of experience in the mining sector. With a strong background from the consultation world, he is specialized in geotechnics, tailings and water management, as well as in project management and construction. He has been involved in multiple feasibility studies for greenfield and brownfield projects and has overseen heavy earthwork construction projects. Roberge has been involved in the full life cycle of mine waste management facilities, from design through permitting and construction to closure and reclamation. While doing so, he has ensured the strategic development and integration of projects in a sensitive environmental and economic context. Philippe holds a degree in civil engineering from Université de Sherbrooke

Christina McCarthy – Director

Christina McCarthy is a geologist with over 15 years of experience in the resource capital markets. She is the former president and CEO of Paycore Minerals, which was acquired by i-80 Gold Corp for a $90 million valuation. Previously, she was vice-president of corporate development for New Oroperu Resources, acquired by Anacortes Mining in 2021. McCarthy also served as director of corporate development for McEwen Mining from 2014 to 2019. She has held various management and board roles, including positions in equity research at Euro Pacific and institutional sales at Haywood Securities. Prior to entering the resource capital markets, she managed exploration programs in Scandinavia for a junior exploration company. McCarthy holds a Bachelor of Science in geology.

Ewan Downie – Director

Ewan Downie is a successful company builder and entrepreneur with over 25 years of experience in the mining industry. He currently serves as the chief executive officer of i-80 Gold. Previously, he was the president and CEO of Premier Gold Mines, and is now serving as non-executive chairman and director of Wolfden Resources, as well as a director of Clean Air Metals. Throughout his career, Downie has been part of several gold and base metal discoveries, earning recognition for his achievements, including being awarded the 2003 Prospectors and Developers Association of Canada’s “Bill Dennis Prospector of The Year.”

Michael Vitton – Director

Michael Vitton served as the executive managing director and head of US equity at BMO Capital Markets, where he was instrumental in originating and executing over US$200 billion worth of public and secondary offerings and M&A transactions across all sectors. In the metals and mining sector, he has been involved in numerous significant deals as a seed investor, lead/co-lead underwriter, or in an M&A capacity. Vitton holds a degree from the University of Michigan Business School and has served as a seat holder on the NYSE, and president of the New York Society of Metals Analysts.

Fariah Mir – Director

Fariah Mir is currently the senior manager, accounting policy & advisory at TD Bank Group. Prior to that, Mir worked as a senior accountant, assurance advisory at Deloitte LLP, and as a senior financial analyst at IAMGOLD Corporation. Mir holds a Bachelor of Commerce, Honours Accounting from York University. She is also a member in good standing with the Chartered Professional Accountants of Ontario.

Investor Insight

With a clear, discovery-focused strategy, Terra Clean Energy is advancing one of the most unique near-surface uranium opportunities in the Athabasca Basin while expanding its portfolio through the acquisition of past-producing uranium assets in the United States. The company is targeting rapid resource growth and meaningful re-rating potential through continuous exploration, aggressive drilling, and disciplined capital deployment across both its Canadian and US projects.

Overview

Terra Clean Energy (CSE:TCEC,OTCQB:TCEFF,FSE:C9O0) is unlocking value from its wholly owned South Falcon East project in the southeastern Athabasca Basin while expanding its North American footprint through the acquisition of past-producing uranium mines in Utah. The company is now positioned as a unique shallow-uranium developer with assets in two historic uranium districts.

With a historical uranium resource of nearly 7 million lbs U₃O₈ at Fraser Lakes Zone B and strong results from the 2025 winter drill program confirming wider and higher-grade mineralized zones, Terra is advancing toward an updated NI 43-101 resource estimate. The project’s position along the Way Lake Conductor – a folded, fertile structural corridor – continues to offer exceptional discovery potential, with new targets emerging from recent drilling and geological modeling.

In addition, Terra’s newly acquired assets in Utah include nine past-producing mines within the San Rafael Swell, where historical outputs and recent radiometric readings indicate strong potential for remaining uranium resources. These assets offer near-surface mineralization in a highly supportive US jurisdiction and represent an important second growth pillar for the company.

As global nuclear buildout accelerates and supply deficits widen, Terra offers investors a compelling combination of shallow resource potential, multi-jurisdiction exposure, and a robust pipeline of exploration catalysts.

Company Highlights

• Unique, Shallow Uranium Systems (Canada + US): Terra is advancing shallow uranium assets across both the Athabasca Basin and the San Rafael Swell in Utah, each offering reduced exploration and potential development costs.
• Pounds-in-the-ground Upside: South Falcon East hosts a historical inferred resource of 6.96 Mlbs U₃O₈ and 5.34 Mlbs ThO₂, with expansion potential from recent drilling, while the Utah assets include nine past-producing mines with recorded grades up to 1 percent U₃O₈.
• Prime Locations: South Falcon East lies 55 km east of the Key Lake Mill, within reach of world-class Athabasca infrastructure, while the Utah projects benefit from established roads, utilities and regional uranium processing infrastructure.
• Strong Technical Leadership: Terra’s leadership includes uranium exploration veterans, capital markets professionals, and newly added board members with deep nuclear industry and operational experience.
• Resource Update Underway: Results from the 2025 winter and fall programs will support Terra’s path toward an NI 43-101 compliant resource update.

Key Project

South Falcon East – Fraser Lakes B Deposit

South Falcon East is Terra Clean Energy’s flagship project in the southeastern Athabasca Basin, covering 12,234 hectares and hosting the Fraser Lakes B deposit, which contains a historical inferred resource of 6.96 Mlbs U₃O₈ and 5.34 Mlbs ThO₂. Located 55 km east of the Key Lake mill, the project benefits from shallow mineralization, strong infrastructure and a geological setting consistent with basement-hosted unconformity uranium systems.

The deposit sits along the central limb of the 25 km Way Lake Conductor, a folded and fertile structural corridor that remains largely underexplored. Recent geological modeling highlights the convergence of clay alteration, graphitic metasediments, pegmatites and key structural trends – features that collectively support significant expansion potential beyond the historical resource footprint.

Terra’s 2025 winter drill program materially advanced the project, returning the widest and highest-grade intervals ever recorded on the property and confirming an open northwest-trending mineralized corridor. A follow-up program is planned to further evaluate these newly defined zones and continue advancing the project toward a future NI 43-101 compliant resource estimate.

2025 Winter Drill Program Highlights:

• Seven holes, 1,927 m drilled
• Six of seven holes intersected uranium mineralization
• Four holes returned the project’s widest and highest-grade intervals to date
• Minerized trend confirmed open to the northwest, defining a new expansion corridor

San Rafael Swell – Utah Uranium Projects

In 2025, Terra Clean Energy expanded its portfolio with the acquisition of two shallow, past-producing uranium claim groups – Wheal Anne and the Green Vein Mesa – within the San Rafael Swell of Emery County, Utah. The district is one of the most historically productive uranium regions in the United States and offers excellent year-round access, supportive infrastructure and a clear permitting pathway. Together, the claim groups host nine past-producing mines, providing Terra with a complementary US platform to advance shallow uranium targets alongside its Athabasca Basin flagship.

These results demonstrate multiple stacked mineralized horizons over widths up to 65 m, open to depth and laterally.

In early 2024, Terra’s Phase 1 drill program confirmed the presence of uranium-bearing pegmatites in close proximity to historical intercepts. Hole SF-0059 intersected 13.5 m of mineralization, including 0.07 percent eU₃O₈ over 1.1 m, while SF-0060 returned intervals such as 0.02 percent eU₃O₈ over 1.3 m at 142.15 m. These intercepts confirm the extension of mineralization along strike and at depth from FP-15-05 and support the hypothesis of lateral continuity and stacked mineralized bodies.

Planning for an extensive summer 2025 drill program is underway, which consists of approximately 2,500 meters. The program will test areas identified during the winter 2024 program, where it is interpreted that a north-northwest trending brittle structure, a north dipping structure with strong clay alteration, and mineralized pegmatites with hydrothermal hematite alteration hosted in graphitic pelitic gneiss all intersect.

Management Team

Greg Cameron – President, CEO and Director

A seasoned capital markets professional, Greg Cameron has two decades of experience in business development, strategy and M&A. He is a former senior banker at Canaccord Genuity and Macquarie, and managing director at Colby Capital. He brings transactional and restructuring expertise critical to junior exploration growth.

C. Trevor Perkins – VP, Exploration

A professional geologist, C. Trevor Perkins has a track record in uranium exploration, including major results in the Athabasca Basin. He also serves as VP exploration for Azincourt Energy and has led exploration strategy and drill execution across multiple high-impact programs.

Jon Li – CFO

Jon Li brings more than 20 years of financial leadership experience, with a specialty in the mining, technology, and financial services sectors. As vice-president of WD Numeric, a full-service accounting firm providing financial and operational support to public and private companies, Jon leads process improvement initiatives, conducts quality control reviews, and delivers outsourced CFO services across a diverse client portfolio. Previously, Li served as

financial controller at Strategic Pricing Management Group (SPMG), where he oversaw all financial operations, including general ledger systems, budgeting, forecasting, cash management, and financial reporting.

Alex Klenman – Director

Alex Klenman is a veteran junior mining executive with 30+ years’ experience, including uranium-specific roles. He is the CEO and director of Azincourt Energy, and has raised more than $18 million for Athabasca exploration. Klenman brings deep investor relations and financing expertise.

Tony Wonnacott – Director

Tony Wonnacott is a Toronto-based securities lawyer with more than 25 years of experience in capital markets. Instrumental in multiple successful listings and over $1 billion in financings and M&A transactions.

Michael Gabbani – Director

Michael Gabbani is an accomplished engineer with decades of experience in the nuclear industry. He possesses a high level of understanding of where the industry is going and the contacts to allow the Company to position itself to benefit.

Brian Polla – Director

Brian Polla is a serial entrepreneur and seasoned veteran of the capital markets. As a significant shareholder of Terra, he brings extensive expertise to help steer the company forward.

Jordan Trimble – Technical Advisor

Jordan Trimble is the CEO of Skyharbour Resources and a leading voice in the uranium investment community. He brings global capital markets insight and technical expertise, enhancing Terra’s industry reach and credibility.

Investor Insight

E-Power Resources offers investors high-grade exposure to the rapidly expanding flake graphite sector through one of Québec’s most promising districts. With a strategic land position, near-surface discoveries, and a leadership team experienced in exploration and capital markets, E-Power is positioned to help supply North America’s critical battery materials chain.

Overview

E-Power Resources (CSE:EPR) is a Montréal-based company focused on advancing its flagship Tetepisca graphite property in Québec’s North Shore region. The company’s mission is to delineate and develop a high-grade, near-surface flake-graphite resource capable of supplying future North American battery-anode demand.

Since entering the Tetepisca district in 2019, E-Power has systematically advanced its project from regional geophysics to mapping, sampling, drilling and metallurgical testing. This disciplined exploration pipeline has confirmed the presence of district-scale, high-purity graphite mineralization within the same geological sequence that hosts neighboring deposits such as Focus Graphite’s Lac Tetepisca and Nouveau Monde Graphite’s Uatnan, which together hold more than 120 million tons (Mt) measured + indicated at approximately 14 percent Cg.

Graphite demand is accelerating globally as electric-vehicle production and energy-storage capacity expand. Québec’s hydroelectric grid, pro-mining policy environment, and rapidly developing anode-manufacturing infrastructure make it a world-class jurisdiction for low-carbon graphite development. Within this setting, E-Power’s land position, grade profile and technical results uniquely position the company to become a core participant in Canada’s graphite-to-battery supply chain.

Company Highlights

• Flagship project in Québec’s premier graphite district: 100-percent-owned Tetepisca Property, 234 contiguous claims covering ≈ 12,840 ha, the largest land position in the district
• Exceptional grades: 2025 surface sampling returned up to 68.7 percent Cg (carbon in graphite form) at the Graphi-Centre target, among the highest reported globally
• High-purity metallurgy: 2024 bulk sampling produced concentrates grading up to 96.4 percent Cg, validating commercial potential.
• Strategic infrastructure advantage: ~220 km from Baie-Comeau and within trucking distance of a planned 200,000 tons per year (tpy) graphite-anode facility, anchoring Québec’s battery-materials hub.
• Surging Market Demand: With global battery production accelerating, the graphite market is forecast to soar, positioning E-Power to benefit from one of the most dynamic growth trends in the energy materials sector.
• Led by Experience: Backed by a strong, technically skilled management team, E-Power is strategically positioned to advance North American graphite independence and capture growing demand in the energy transition economy.

Key Project

Tetepisca Graphite Project

The Tetepisca graphite property is approximately 220 km north of Baie-Comeau, covering 234 contiguous claims (~12,840 ha) in the heart of the Tetepisca Graphite District (TGD). The property is 100-percent-owned by E-Power and hosts the same graphitic metasedimentary units that define the district’s producing and feasibility-stage assets.

District-Scale Opportunity

The TGD is an emerging flake-graphite camp that now hosts more than 120 Mt of measured and indicated resources averaging ~14 percent Cg across nearby projects such as Nouveau Monde Graphite’s Uatnan and Focus Graphite’s Lac Tetepisca deposits.

E-Power controls the largest contiguous land position in the district, strategically covering the same graphitic metasedimentary horizons that host these deposits. The district’s proximity to the planned 200,000 tpy graphite-anode facility in Baie-Comeau creates a unique alignment of resource, infrastructure and processing capability, positioning E-Power as a potential key upstream feed source for Québec’s integrated graphite-to-anode supply chain.

2024–2025 Exploration Results

E-Power’s work since 2021 has validated the property’s high-grade, near-surface potential.

• The 2025 Phase 1 program returned grab samples up to 68.7 percent Cg at the Graphi-Centre target, one of the highest surface graphite grades reported globally.
• New discoveries on the northern claim block (N3 and N4 targets) yielded multiple samples exceeding 20 percent Cg, extending graphite mineralization across more than 330 meters of strike within continuous conductive trends.
• The Syndicate Trend, a 12 km linear conductor in the southwest, produced a new showing with grades of 54.7 percent Cg within a broader corridor that includes a historical drill intercept of 12.74 percent Cg over 9.55 meters.
• Metallurgical test work from 2024 bulk sampling confirmed high-purity concentrates of up to 96.4 percent Cg, with additional mineralogy and flake-size distribution studies underway to define commercial product potential.

E-Power’s 2025–2026 work program will focus on advancing the Tetepisca property toward an initial resource estimate. Key activities include expanded fieldwork and metallurgical testing at the Graphi-Centre, Captain Cosmos and Syndicate showings; follow-up ground and drone-borne geophysical surveys to refine drill targets; and a focused drilling campaign designed to define near-surface, high-grade graphite zones. In parallel, the company is initiating early environmental baseline and access studies to support future development and potential partnerships within Québec’s growing graphite-to-anode supply chain.

Management Team

Jean-Michel Gauthier – Chief Executive Officer

Jean-Michel Gauthier contributes significant expertise in capital markets, corporate development and strategic positioning within the resource sector. His focus will be on ensuring the optimal deployment of capital and maximizing the inherent value of the Tetepisca Project as it advances through key de-risking stages.

Mark Billings – Chairman of the Board

Mark Billings is a highly respected finance professional in the Canadian resource sector, bringing extensive investment banking and corporate finance experience. His prior roles, including VP corporate finance at Desjardins Securities, provide a crucial foundation for guiding E-Power’s capital formation and strategic financing plans necessary for the Tetepisca Project’s development phases.

Jamie Lavigne – Chief Operating Officer

Jamie Lavigne is a professional economic geologist with over 30 years of experience in exploration and mine development. He has worked with major Canadian and Australian mining companies and several junior explorers and operates his own consulting firm. Lavigne holds a B.Sc. from Memorial University and an MSc. from the University of Ottawa. He is a member of L’Ordre des Géologues du Québec and the Northwest Territories and Nunavut Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists.

Paul Haber – Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary

Paul Haber brings over 20 years of experience in corporate finance and capital markets. He has served as CFO, board member, and audit chair for numerous public and private companies, including XTM (CSE:PAID), South American Silver (TSX:SAC), and Migao Corporation (TSX:MGO). A CPA and CA, Haber began his career at Coopers & Lybrand and holds an Honours B.A. in Management from the University of Toronto. He also holds a Chartered Director designation from the DeGroote School of Business and the Conference Board of Canada.

Christian Falk – Advisory Board Member